Planning and Scheduling of Projects
Planning and Scheduling of Projects refers to breaking down of project work into activities and to allocate time to these activities.
Work break down structure
It is deliverable-oriented breakdown of a total project work into smaller parts that can be achieved by project team.
Project scheduling tools:
1.Bar Charts
(by Henry Gantt around 1900AD)
it is plotted between time spent and activity performance,mainly used for projects with certainty,sub-activities are not mentioned separately,it does not show progress of project,not used in projects with uncertainty.
it is plotted between time spent and activity performance,mainly used for projects with certainty,sub-activities are not mentioned separately,it does not show progress of project,not used in projects with uncertainty.
2.Mile stone charts
It is modified Gantt chart including information about sub-activities completion.
3.Line of balance(LOB)
It is the graphical management tool to measure and control
facts relating to time, cost and accomplishment - all measured against a specific plan.
facts relating to time, cost and accomplishment - all measured against a specific plan.
4.Network Methods:
there are two network methods-pert,cpm
(PERT) PROJECT EVALUATION & EVALUATION TECHNIQUE
- used for projects with uncertainty
- it is event oriented network
- optimistic time-minimum time in which activity can be completed
- pessimistic time-maximum time in which project can be completed
- most likely time-it is expected time to complete activity te = (o + 4m + p) ÷ 6
- standard deviation of time σte = (p - o) ÷ 6
- it is based on probabilistic approach
- cost is proportional to time
(CPM) CRITICAL PATH METHOD:
- used for deterministic projects
- it is activity based method
- time & cost relation is determined by curve
