NET POLITICAL SCIENCE SYLLABUS

NET POLITICAL SCIENCE SYLLABUS

Unit - 1 : Political Theory
Concepts
Liberty, Equality, Justice, Rights, Democracy, Power, Citizenship,
Political Traditions
Liberalism
Conservatism
Socialism
Marxism
Feminism
Ecologism
Multiculturalism
Postmodernism

 

Unit - 2 : Political Thought
Confucius, Plato, Aristotle, Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Hegel, Mary
Wollstonecraft, John

Unit - 3 : Indian Political Thought
Dharamshastra, Kautilya, Aggannasutta, Barani, Kabir, Pandita Ramabai, Bal
Gangadhar Tilak, Swami Vivekanand, Rabindranath Tagore, M.K Gandhi, Sri
Aurobindo, Periyar E. V. Ramasamy, Muhammad Iqbal, M.N.Roy, V D Savarkar,
Dr. B.R.Ambedkar, J L Nehru, Ram Manohar Lohia, Jaya Prakash Narayan,
Deendayal Upadhyaya

Unit - 4 : Comparative Political Analysis
Approaches: Institutional, Political Culture, Political Economy and New
Institutionalism; Comparative Methods
Colonialism and decolonization: forms of colonialism, anti-colonial struggles and
decolonization
Nationalism: European and non-European.
State theory: debate over the nature of state in capitalist and socialist societies;
post-colonial state; welfare state; globalization and nations-states
Political regimes: democratic (Electoral, Liberal, Majoritarian and Participatory)
and non-democratic regimes (Patrimonialism, Bureaucratic authoritarianism,
Military dictatorship, Totalitarianism, and fascist).
Constitutions and Constitutionalism: forms of constitutions, rule of law, judicial
independence and liberal constitutionalism; emergency powers and crisis of
constitutionalism.
Democratisation: democratic transition and consolidation.
Development: Underdevelopment, Dependency, Modernization, World Systems
Theory, development and democracy.
Structures of Power: ruling class, power elites, democratic elitism
Actor and Processes: Electoral Systems, Political Parties and Party System, Interest
groups, Social movements, new social movements, Non Governmental
Organisations (NGOs) and civil society campaigns; Revolutions.

 

Unit - 5 : International Relations
Approaches to the study of International relations: Idealism, Realism, Structural
Marxism, Neoliberalism, Neorealism, Social Constructivism, Critical International
Theory, Feminism, Postmodernism.
Concepts: State, state system and non-state actors, Power, Sovereignty, Security:
traditional and non- traditional.
Conflict and Peace: Changing Nature of Warfare; Weapons of mass destruction;
deterrence; conflict resolution, conflict transformation.
United Nations: Aims, Objectives, Structure and Evaluation of the Working of UN;
Peace and Development perspectives; Humanitarian intervention. International
law; International Criminal Court
Political Economy of IR; Globalisation; Global governance and Bretton Woods
system, North-South Dialogue, WTO, G-20, BRICS.
Regional Organisations: European Union, African Union, Shanghai Cooperation
Organisation, ASEAN.
Contemporary Challenges: International terrorism, Climate change and
Environmental Concerns, Human Rights, Migration and Refugees; Poverty and
Development; Role of Religion, Culture and Identity Politics.

 

Unit - 6 : India’s Foreign Policy
Perspectives on India’s Foreign Policy: India’s Identity as postcolonial,
development, rising power and as emerging political economy
Continuity and change in India’s Foreign Policy: Principles and determinants;
Non-Alignment movement: historical background and relevance of Non Aligned
Movement; India’s Nuclear Policy
India’s relations with major powers: USA, USSR/Russia, People’s Republic of
China
India’s Engagement with multipolar world: India’s relations with European Union,
BRICS, ASEAN, Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, African Union, Southern
African Development Community, Gulf Cooperation Council
India’s relations with neighbourhood: SAARC, Gujaral doctrine, Look Eas t/ Act
East, Look West.
India’s Negotiation Strategies in International Regimes: The United Nations,
World Trade Organisation, International Monetary Fund, Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change
Contemporary challenges: maritime security, energy security, environmental
security, migrants and refugees, water resources, international terrorism, cyber
security

 

Unit - 7 : Political Institutions in India
Making of the Indian Constitution: Colonialism heritage and the contribution
Indian National Movement to the making of the Indian Constitution
Constituent Assembly: Composition, Ideological Moorings, Constitutional Debates
Philosophy of the Constitution: Preamble, Fundamental Rights, Directive
Principles
Constitutionalism in India: Democracy, Social Change, National Unity, Checks
and Balances, Basic Structure Debate, Constitutional Amendments
Union Executive: President, Prime Minister and Council of Ministers
Union Parliament: Structure, Role and Functioning, Parliamentary Committees
Judiciary: Supreme Court, High Court, Judicial Review, Judicial Activism, Judicial
Reform.
Executive and Legislature in the States: Governor, Chief Minister, State
Legislature
Federalism in India: Strong Centre Framework, Asymmetrical Federal Provisions
and Adaption, Role of Intergovernmental Coordination Mechanisms, Inter-State
Council, Emerging Trends.
Electoral Process and Election Commission of India: Conduct of Elections, Rules,
Electoral Reforms.
Local Government Institutions: Functioning and reforms.
Constitutional and Statutory Bodies: Comptroller and Auditor General, National
Commission for Scheduled Castes, National Commission for Scheduled Tribes,
National Commission for Human Rights, National Commission for Women,
National Commission for Minorities.

 

Unit - 8 : Political Processes in India
State, Economy and Development: Nature of Indian State, Development Planning
model, New Economic Policy, Growth and Human Development.
Process of globalisation: social and economic implications.
Identity Politics: Religion, Tribe, Caste, Region, Language.
Social Movements: Dalit, Tribal, Women, Farmers, labour
Civil Society Groups: Non-Party Social Formations, Non-Governmental
Organisations, Social Action Groups.
Regionalisation of Indian Politics: Reorganisation of Indian States, States as
Political and Economic Units, Sub-State Regions, Regional disparities, Demand
for New States,
Gender and Politics in India: Issues of Equality and Representation.
Ideology and Social basis of Political Parties: National Parties, State Parties.
Electoral Politics: Participation, Contestation, Representation, Emerging trends.

 

Unit - 9 : Public Administration
Public Administration: meaning and evolution; public and private administration
Approaches: System Theory, Decision Making, Ecological Approach
Public administration theories and concepts: Scientific Management Theory,
Rational Choice theory, New Public Administration, Development Administration,
Comparative Public Administration, New Public Management, changing nature of
Public Administration in the era of liberalisation and Globalisation
Theories and Principles of Organization: Scientific Management Theory,
Bureaucratic Theory, Human Relations Theory
Managing the organization: Theories of leadership and motivation.
Organisational Communication: Theories and Principles, Chester Bernard
Principles of Communication, Information Management in the organization
Managing Conflict in the Organization: Mary Parker Follett
Management by Objectives- Peter Drucker

 

Unit – 10 : Governance and Public Policy in India
Governance, good governance and democratic governance, role of state, civil
society and individuals.
Accountability and control: Institutional mechanism for checks and balances,
legislative control over executive, administrative and budgetary control, control
through parliamentary committees, judicial control over legislature and executive,
administrative culture, corruption and administrative reforms
Institutional mechanisms for good governance: Right to Information, Consumer
Protection Act, Citizen Charter; Grievance redress system: Ombudsman, Lokpal,
Lokayukta
Grassroots Governance: Panchayati Raj Institutions and their functioning
Planning and Development: Decentralised planning, planning for development,
sustainable development, participatory development, e-governance; NITI Aayog
Public policy as an instrument of socio-economic development: public policies
with special reference to housing, health, drinking water, food security, MNREGA,
NHRM, RTE
Monitoring and evaluation of public policy; mechanisms of making governance
process accountable: jansunwai, social audit.

 

UGC NET POLITICAL SCIENCE SYLLABUS BY COURSEWHIZZ

Reference:https://www.ugcnetonline.in/syllabus-new.php

NET ECONOMICS SYLLABUS

NET ECONOMICS SYLLABUS

 

Unit-1 : Micro Economics
Theory of Consumer Behaviour
Theory of Production and Costs
Decision making under uncertainty Attitude towards Risk
Game Theory – Non Cooperative games
Market Structures, competitive and non-competitive equilibria and their
efficiency properties
Factor Pricing
General Equilibrium Analysis
Efficiency Criteria: Pareto-Optimality, Kaldor – Hicks and Wealth Maximization
Welfare Economics: Fundamental Theorems , Social Welfare Function
Asymmetric Information: Adverse Selection and Moral Hazard

 

Unit-2 : Macro Economics
National Income: Concepts and Measurement
Determination of output and employment: Classical & Keynesian Approach
Consumption Function
Investment Function, Multiplier and Accelerator
Demand for Money
Supply of Money
IS – LM Model Approach
Inflation and Phillips Curve Analysis
Business Cycles
Monetary and Fiscal Policy
Rational Expectation Hypothesis and its critique

 

Unit- 3 : Statistics and Econometrics
Probability Theory: Concepts of probability, Distributions, Moments,
Central Limit theorem
Descriptive Statistics – Measures of Central tendency & dispersions,
Correlation, Index Numbers
Sampling methods & Sampling Distribution
Statistical Inferences, Hypothesis testing
Linear Regression Models and their properties – BLUE
Identification Problem
Simultaneous Equation Models – recursive and non-recursive
Discrete choice models
Time Series Analysis

 

Unit-4 : Mathematical Economics
Sets, functions and continuity, sequence, series
Differential Calculus and its Applications
Linear Algebra – Matrices, Vector Spaces
Static Optimization Problems and their applications
Input-Output Model, Linear Programming
Difference and Differential equations with applications

 

Unit-5 : International Economics
International Trade: Basic concepts and analytical tools
Theories of International Trade
International Trade under imperfect competition
Balance of Payments: Composition, Equilibrium and Disequilibrium
and Adjustment Mechanisms
Exchange Rate: Concepts and Theories
Foreign Exchange Market and Arbitrage
Gains from Trade, Terms of Trade, Trade Multiplier
Tariff and Non-Tariff barriers to trade; Dumping
GATT, WTO and Regional Trade Blocks; Trade Policy Issues
IMF & World Bank

 

Unit-6 : Public Economics
Market Failure and Remedial Measures: Asymmetric Information,
Public Goods, Externality
Regulation of Market – Collusion and Consumers’ Welfare
Public Revenue: Tax & Non-Tax Revenue, Direct & Indirect Taxes,
Progressive and non-Progressive Taxation, Incidence and Effects of
Taxation
Public expenditure
Public Debt and its management
Public Budget and Budget Multiplier
Fiscal Policy and its implications

 

Unit-7 : Money and Banking
Components of Money Supply
Central Bank
Commercial Banking
Instruments and Working of Monetary Policy
Non-banking Financial Institutions
Capital Market and its Regulation

 

Unit-8 : Growth and Development Economics
Economic Growth and Economic Development
Theories of Economic Development: Adam Smith, Ricardo, Marx,
Schumpeter, Rostow, Balanced & Unbalanced growth, Big Push
approach.
Models of Economic Growth: Harrod-Domar, Solow, Robinson,
Kaldor
Technical progress – Disembodied & embodied; endogenous growth
Indicators of Economic Development: PQLI, HDI, SDGs
Poverty and Inequalities – Concepts and Measurement
Social Sector Development: Health, Education, Gender

 

Unit-9 : Environmental Economics and Demography
Environment as a Public Good
Market Failure
Coase Theorem
Cost-Benefit Analysis and Compensation Criteria
Valuation of Environmental Goods
Theories of Population
Concepts and Measures: Fertility, Morbidity, Mortality
Age Structure, Demographic Dividend
Life Table
Migration

 

NET ECONOMICS SYLLABUS BY  COURSEWHIZZ

 

 

Unit-10 : Indian Economy
Economic Growth in India: Pattern and Structure
Agriculture: Pattern & Structure of Growth, Major Challenges, Policy
Responses
Industry: Pattern & Structure of Growth, Major Challenges, Policy
Responses
Services: Pattern & Structure of Growth, Major Challenges, Policy
Responses
Rural Development – Issues, Challenges & Policy Responses
Urban Development – Issues, Challenges and Policy Responses.
Foreign Trade: Structure and Direction, BOP, Flow of Foreign
Capital, Trade Policies
Infrastructure Development: Physical and Social; Public-Private
Partnerships
Reforms in Land, Labour and Capital Markets
Centre-State Financial Relations and Finance Commissions of India;
FRBM
Poverty, Inequality & Unemployment

NET GENERAL PAPER SYLLABUS

NET GENERAL PAPER SYLLABUS

UGC NET GENERAL PAPER ON TEACHING & RESEARCH APTITUDE(PAPER-1) SYLLABUS

Objectives:-To assess the teaching and research capabilities of the
candidates. The test aims at assessing the teaching and research aptitude as well.
Candidates are expected to possess and exhibit cognitive abilities, which include
comprehension, analysis, evaluation, understanding the structure of arguments,
deductive and inductive reasoning. The candidates are also expected to have a general
awareness about teaching and learning processes in higher education system. Further,
they should be aware of interaction between people, environment, natural resources
and their impact on the quality of life.

 

Detailed Syllabus:-

 

Unit-I Teaching Aptitude
Teaching: Concept, Objectives, Levels of teaching (Memory,Understanding and Reflective), Characteristics      and basic requirements.
Learner’s characteristics: Characteristics of adolescent and adult learners
(Academic, Social, Emotional and Cognitive), Individual differences.
Factors affecting teaching related to: Teacher, Learner, Support material,
Instructional facilities, Learning environment and Institution.
Methods of teaching in Institutions of higher learning: Teacher centred vs.
Learner centred methods; Off-line vs. On-line methods (Swayam,
Swayamprabha, MOOCs etc.).
Teaching Support System: Traditional, Modern and ICT based.
Evaluation Systems: Elements and Types of evaluation, Evaluation in
Choice Based Credit System in Higher education, Computer based
testing, Innovations in evaluation systems.

 

Unit-II Research Aptitude
Research: Meaning, Types, and Characteristics, Positivism and Postpositivistic approach to research.
Methods of Research: Experimental, Descriptive, Historical, Qualitative
and Quantitative methods.
Steps of Research.
Thesis and Article writing: Format and styles of referencing.
Application of ICT in research.
Research ethics.

Unit-III Comprehension
A passage of text be given. Questions be asked from the passage to be
answered.

Unit-IV Communication
Communication: Meaning, types and characteristics of communication.
Effective communication: Verbal and Non-verbal,

Unit-VI Logical Reasoning
Understanding the structure of arguments: argument forms, structure of
categorical propositions, Mood and Figure, Formal and Informal fallacies,
Uses of language, Connotations and denotations of terms, Classical
square of opposition.
Evaluating and distinguishing deductive and inductive reasoning.
Analogies.
Venn diagram: Simple and multiple use for establishing validity of
arguments.
Indian Logic: Means of knowledge.
Pramanas: Pratyaksha (Perception), Anumana (Inference), Upamana
(Comparison), Shabda (Verbal testimony), Arthapatti (Implication) and
Anupalabddhi (Non-apprehension).
Structure and kinds of Anumana (inference), Vyapti (invariable relation),
Hetvabhasas (fallacies of inference).

 

Unit-VII Data Interpretation
Sources, acquisition and classification of Data.
Quantitative and Qualitative Data.
Graphical representation (Bar-chart, Histograms, Pie-chart, Table-chart
and Line-chart) and mapping of Data.
Data Interpretation.
Data and Governance.

 

Unit-VIII Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
ICT: General abbreviations and terminology.
Basics of Internet, Intranet, E-mail, Audio and Video-conferencing.
Digital initiatives in higher education.
ICT and Governance.

Unit-IX People, Development and Environment
Development and environment: Millennium development and Sustainable
development goals.
Human and environment interaction: Anthropogenic activities and their
impacts on environment.
Environmental issues: Local, Regional and Global; Air pollution, Water
pollution, Soil pollution, Noise pollution, Waste (solid, liquid, biomedical,
hazardous, electronic), Climate change and its Socio-Economic and
Political dimensions.
Impacts of pollutants on human health.
Natural and energy resources: Solar, Wind, Soil, Hydro, Geothermal,
Biomass, Nuclear and Forests.
Natural hazards and disasters: Mitigation strategies.
Environmental Protection Act (1986), National Action Plan on Climate
Change, International agreements/efforts -Montreal Protocol, Rio Summit,
Convention on Biodiversity, Kyoto Protocol, Paris Agreement, International
Solar Alliance.

 

Unit-X Higher Education System
Institutions of higher learning and education in ancient India.
Evolution of higher learning and research in Post Independence India.
Oriental, Conventional and Non-conventional learning programmes in India.
Professional, Technical and Skill Based education.
Value education and environmental education.
Policies, Governance, and Administration.

NET GENERAL PAPER SYLLABUS by COURSE WHIZZ

NOTE: (i) Five questions each carrying 2 marks are to be set from each
Module.
(ii) Whenever graphical/pictorial question(s) are set for sighted
candidates, a passage followed by equal number of questions and
weightage be set for visually impaired candidates.

ESE SYLLABUS FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

ESE SYLLABUS FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING: ESE SYLLABUS FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING - COURSE WHIZZ - ONLINE STUDY PLATFORM - UPSC ESE IES EE ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SYLLABUS -

Electrical Engineering SSC JE SYLLABUS

Electrical Engineering SSC JE SYLLABUS: Electrical Engineering SSC JE SYLLABUS - COURSE WHIZZ - JUNIOR ENGINEERS (CIVIL, MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL, andQUANTITY SURVEYING & CONTRACT) EXAMINATION

NET PHYSICAL SCIENCES SYLLABUS

NET PHYSICAL SCIENCES SYLLABUS

 

Are you searching for following queries:

what is the syllabus for CSIR-UGC National Eligibility Test (NET) for Junior Research Fellowship
and Lecturer-ship ? How to prepare for CSIR NET PHYSICAL SCIENCES ?

We have described the pattern and syllabus for CSIR NET PHYSICAL SCIENCES.

 

EXAM PATTERN:The MCQ test paper of each subject shall carry a maximum of 200 marks. The exam shall be for duration of three hours.  The question paper shall be divided in three parts Part 'A' shall be common to all subjects. This part shall be a test containing a maximum of 20 questions of General Aptitude. The candidates shall be required to answer any 15 questions of two marks each. The total marks allocated to this section shall be 30 out of 200 Part 'B' shall   contain subject-related conventional MCQs. The total marks allocated to this section shall be 70 out of 200. The maximum number of questions to be attempted shall be in the range of 20-35. Part 'C' shall contain higher value questions that may test the candidate's knowledge of scientific concepts and/or application of the scientific concepts. The questions shall be of analytical nature where a candidate is expected to apply the scientific knowledge to arrive at the solution to the given scientific problem.  The total marks allocated to this section shall be 100 out of 200. Negative marking for wrong answers.

 

NET PHYSICAL SCIENCES SYLLABUS:

 

PART ‘A’ CORE

I. Mathematical Methods of Physics
Dimensional analysis. Vector algebra and vector calculus. Linear algebra, matrices, Cayley-Hamilton
Theorem. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Linear ordinary differential equations of first & second order,
Special functions (Hermite, Bessel, Laguerre and Legendre functions). Fourier series, Fourier and Laplace
transforms. Elements of complex analysis, analytic functions; Taylor & Laurent series; poles, residues
and evaluation of integrals. Elementary probability theory, random variables, binomial, Poisson and
normal distributions. Central limit theorem.

 

II. Classical Mechanics
Newton’s laws. Dynamical systems, Phase space dynamics, stability analysis. Central force motions.
Two body Collisions - scattering in laboratory and Centre of mass frames. Rigid body dynamicsmoment of inertia tensor. Non-inertial frames and pseudoforces. Variational principle. Generalized
coordinates. Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalism and equations of motion. Conservation laws and
cyclic coordinates. Periodic motion: small oscillations, normal modes. Special theory of relativityLorentz transformations, relativistic kinematics and mass–energy equivalence.

 

III. Electromagnetic Theory
Electrostatics: Gauss’s law and its applications, Laplace and Poisson equations, boundary value
problems. Magnetostatics: Biot-Savart law, Ampere's theorem. Electromagnetic induction. Maxwell's
equations in free space and linear isotropic media; boundary conditions on the fields at interfaces. Scalar
and vector potentials, gauge invariance. Electromagnetic waves in free space. Dielectrics and conductors.
Reflection and refraction, polarization, Fresnel’s law, interference, coherence, and diffraction. Dynamics
of charged particles in static and uniform electromagnetic fields.

 

IV. Quantum Mechanics
Wave-particle duality. Schrödinger equation (time-dependent and time-independent). Eigenvalue
problems (particle in a box, harmonic oscillator, etc.). Tunneling through a barrier. Wave-function in
coordinate and momentum representations. Commutators and Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Dirac
notation for state vectors. Motion in a central potential: orbital angular momentum, angular momentum
algebra, spin, addition of angular momenta; Hydrogen atom. Stern-Gerlach experiment. Timeindependent perturbation theory and applications. Variational method. Time dependent perturbation
theory and Fermi's golden rule, selection rules. Identical particles, Pauli exclusion principle, spin-statistics
connection.

 

V. Thermodynamic and Statistical Physics
Laws of thermodynamics and their consequences. Thermodynamic potentials, Maxwell relations,
chemical potential, phase equilibria. Phase space, micro- and macro-states. Micro-canonical, canonical
and grand-canonical ensembles and partition functions. Free energy and its connection with
thermodynamic quantities. Classical and quantum statistics. Ideal Bose and Fermi gases. Principle of
detailed balance. Blackbody radiation and Planck's distribution law.

 

VI. Electronics and Experimental Methods
Semiconductor devices (diodes, junctions, transistors, field effect devices, homo- and hetero-junction
devices), device structure, device characteristics, frequency dependence and applications. Opto-electronic
devices (solar cells, photo-detectors, LEDs). Operational amplifiers and their applications. Digital
techniques and applications (registers, counters, comparators and similar circuits). A/D and D/A
converters. Microprocessor and microcontroller basics.
Data interpretation and analysis. Precision and accuracy. Error analysis, propagation of errors. Least
squares fitting,

 

                                                                            PART ‘B’ ADVANCED

 

I. Mathematical Methods of Physics
Green’s function. Partial differential equations (Laplace, wave and heat equations in two and three
dimensions). Elements of computational techniques: root of functions, interpolation, extrapolation,
integration by trapezoid and Simpson’s rule, Solution of first order differential equation using RungeKutta method. Finite difference methods. Tensors. Introductory group theory: SU(2), O(3).

II. Classical Mechanics
Dynamical systems, Phase space dynamics, stability analysis. Poisson brackets and canonical
transformations. Symmetry, invariance and Noether’s theorem. Hamilton-Jacobi theory.

III. Electromagnetic Theory
Dispersion relations in plasma. Lorentz invariance of Maxwell’s equation. Transmission lines and wave
guides. Radiation- from moving charges and dipoles and retarded potentials.

IV. Quantum Mechanics
Spin-orbit coupling, fine structure. WKB approximation. Elementary theory of scattering: phase shifts,
partial waves, Born approximation. Relativistic quantum mechanics: Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations.
Semi-classical theory of radiation.

V. Thermodynamic and Statistical Physics
First- and second-order phase transitions. Diamagnetism, paramagnetism, and ferromagnetism. Ising
model. Bose-Einstein condensation. Diffusion equation. Random walk and Brownian motion.
Introduction to nonequilibrium processes.

VI. Electronics and Experimental Methods
Linear and nonlinear curve fitting, chi-square test. Transducers (temperature, pressure/vacuum, magnetic
fields, vibration, optical, and particle detectors). Measurement and control. Signal conditioning and
recovery. Impedance matching, amplification (Op-amp based, instrumentation amp, feedback), filtering
and noise reduction, shielding and grounding. Fourier transforms, lock-in detector, box-car integrator,
modulation techniques.
High frequency devices (including generators and detectors).

VII. Atomic & Molecular Physics
Quantum states of an electron in an atom. Electron spin. Spectrum of helium and alkali atom. Relativistic
corrections for energy levels of hydrogen atom, hyperfine structure and isotopic shift, width of spectrum
lines, LS & JJ couplings. Zeeman, Paschen-Bach & Stark effects. Electron spin resonance. Nuclear
magnetic resonance, chemical shift. Frank-Condon principle. Born-Oppenheimer approximation.
Electronic, rotational, vibrational and Raman spectra of diatomic molecules, selection rules. Lasers:
spontaneous and stimulated emission, Einstein A & B coefficients. Optical pumping, population
inversion, rate equation. Modes of resonators and coherence length.

VIII. Condensed Matter Physics
Bravais lattices. Reciprocal lattice. Diffraction and the structure factor. Bonding of solids. Elastic
properties, phonons, lattice specific heat. Free electron theory and electronic specific heat. Response and
relaxation phenomena. Drude model of electrical and thermal conductivity. Hall effect and
thermoelectric power. Electron motion in a periodic potential, band theory of solids: metals, insulators
and semiconductors. Superconductivity: type-I and type-II superconductors. Josephson junctions.
Superfluidity. Defects and dislocations. Ordered phases of matter: translational and orientational order,
kinds of liquid crystalline order. Quasi crystals.

IX. Nuclear and Particle Physics
Basic nuclear properties: size, shape and charge distribution, spin and parity. Binding energy, semiempirical mass formula, liquid drop model. Nature of the nuclear force, form of nucleon-nucleon
potential, charge-independence and charge-symmetry of nuclear forces. Deuteron problem. Evidence of
shell structure, single-particle shell model, its validity and limitations. Rotational spectra. Elementary
ideas of alpha, beta and gamma decays and their selection rules. Fission and fusion. Nuclear reactions,
reaction mechanism, compound nuclei and direct reactions.
Classification of fundamental forces. Elementary particles and their quantum numbers (charge, spin,
parity, isospin, strangeness, etc.). Gellmann-Nishijima formula. Quark model, baryons and mesons. C, P,
and T invariance. Application of symmetry arguments to particle reactions. Parity non-conservation in
weak interaction. Relativistic kinematics.

 

 

NET PHYSICAL SCIENCES SYLLABUS BY  COURSE WHIZZ

 

NET MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES SYLLABUS

NET MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES SYLLABUS

 

Are you searching for following queries:

what is the syllabus for CSIR-UGC National Eligibility Test (NET) for Junior Research Fellowship
and Lecturer-ship ? How to prepare for CSIR NET MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES  ?

We have described the pattern and syllabus for CSIR NET MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES.


 EXAM PATTERN:

The MCQ test paper of each subject shall carry a maximum of 200 marks.

The exam shall be for duration of three hours.

 The question paper shall be divided in three parts

Part 'A' shall be common to all subjects. This part shall be a test containing a maximum of 20 questions of General Aptitude. The candidates shall be required to answer any 15 questions of two marks each. The total marks allocated to this section shall be 30 out of 200

---

Part 'B' shall   contain subject-related conventional MCQs. The total marks allocated to this section shall be 70 out of 200. The maximum number of questions to be attempted shall be in the range of 20-35.

---

Part 'C' shall contain higher value questions that may test the candidate's knowledge of scientific concepts and/or application of the scientific concepts. The questions shall be of analytical nature where a candidate is expected to apply the scientific knowledge to arrive at the solution to the given scientific problem.  The total marks allocated to this section shall be 100 out of 200.

Negative marking for wrong answers.

 

NET MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES SYLLABUS

UNIT – 1
Analysis: Elementary set theory, finite, countable and uncountable sets, Real number system as a
complete ordered field, Archimedean property, supremum, infimum.
Sequences and series, convergence, limsup, liminf.
Bolzano Weierstrass theorem, Heine Borel theorem.
Continuity, uniform continuity, differentiability, mean value theorem.
Sequences and series of functions, uniform convergence.
Riemann sums and Riemann integral, Improper Integrals.
Monotonic functions, types of discontinuity, functions of bounded variation, Lebesgue measure,
Lebesgue integral.
Functions of several variables, directional derivative, partial derivative, derivative as a linear
transformation, inverse and implicit function theorems.
Metric spaces, compactness, connectedness. Normed linear Spaces. Spaces of continuous functions
as examples.
Linear Algebra: Vector spaces, subspaces, linear dependence, basis, dimension, algebra of linear
transformations.
Algebra of matrices, rank and determinant of matrices, linear equations.
Eigenvalues and eigenvectors, Cayley-Hamilton theorem.
Matrix representation of linear transformations. Change of basis, canonical forms, diagonal forms,
triangular forms, Jordan forms.
Inner product spaces, orthonormal basis.
Quadratic forms, reduction and classification of quadratic forms

 

UNIT – 2
Complex Analysis: Algebra of complex numbers, the complex plane, polynomials, power series,
transcendental functions such as exponential, trigonometric and hyperbolic functions.
Analytic functions, Cauchy-Riemann equations.
Contour integral, Cauchy’s theorem, Cauchy’s integral formula, Liouville’s theorem, Maximum
modulus principle, Schwarz lemma, Open mapping theorem.
Taylor series, Laurent series, calculus of residues.
Conformal mappings, Mobius transformations.
Algebra: Permutations, combinations, pigeon-hole principle, inclusion-exclusion principle,
derangements.
Fundamental theorem of arithmetic, divisibility in Z, congruences, Chinese Remainder Theorem,
Euler’s Ø- function, primitive roots.
Groups, subgroups, normal subgroups, quotient groups, homomorphisms, cyclic groups, permutation
groups, Cayley’s theorem, class equations, Sylow theorems.
Rings, ideals, prime and maximal ideals, quotient rings, unique factorization domain, principal ideal
domain, Euclidean domain.
Polynomial rings and irreducibility criteria.
Fields, finite fields, field extensions, Galois Theory.
Topology: basis, dense sets, subspace and product topology, separation axioms, connectedness and
compactness.

 

UNIT – 3
Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs):
Existence and uniqueness of solutions of initial value problems for first order ordinary differential
equations, singular solutions of first order ODEs, system of first order ODEs.
General theory of homogenous and non-homogeneous linear ODEs, variation of parameters,
Sturm-Liouville boundary value problem, Green’s function.
Partial Differential Equations (PDEs):
Lagrange and Charpit methods for solving first order PDEs, Cauchy problem for first order PDEs.
Classification of second order PDEs, General solution of higher order PDEs with constant
coefficients, Method of separation of variables for Laplace, Heat and Wave equations.
Numerical Analysis :
Numerical solutions of algebraic equations, Method of iteration and Newton-Raphson method, Rate
of convergence, Solution of systems of linear algebraic equations using Gauss elimination and
Gauss-Seidel methods, Finite differences, Lagrange, Hermite and spline interpolation, Numerical
differentiation and integration, Numerical solutions of ODEs using Picard, Euler, modified Euler and
Runge-Kutta methods.
Calculus of Variations:
Variation of a functional, Euler-Lagrange equation, Necessary and sufficient conditions for extrema.
Variational methods for boundary value problems in ordinary and partial differential equations.
Linear Integral Equations:
Linear integral equation of the first and second kind of Fredholm and Volterra type, Solutions with
separable kernels. Characteristic numbers and eigenfunctions, resolvent kernel.
Classical Mechanics:
Generalized coordinates, Lagrange’s equations, Hamilton’s canonical equations, Hamilton’s
principle and principle of least action, Two-dimensional motion of rigid bodies, Euler’s dynamical
equations for the motion of a rigid body about an axis, theory of small oscillations.

 

UNIT – 4
Descriptive statistics, exploratory data analysis
Sample space, discrete probability, independent events, Bayes theorem. Random variables and
distribution functions (univariate and multivariate); expectation and moments. Independent random
variables, marginal and conditional distributions. Characteristic functions. Probability inequalities
(Tchebyshef, Markov, Jensen). Modes of convergence, weak and strong laws of large numbers, Central
Limit theorems (i.i.d. case).
Markov chains with finite and countable state space, classification of states, limiting behaviour of n-step
transition probabilities, stationary distribution, Poisson and birth-and-death processes.
Standard discrete and continuous univariate distributions. sampling distributions, standard errors and
asymptotic distributions, distribution of order statistics and range.
Methods of estimation, properties of estimators, confidence intervals. Tests of hypotheses: most powerful
and uniformly most powerful tests, likelihood ratio tests. Analysis of discrete data and chi-square test of
goodness of fit. Large sample tests.
Simple nonparametric tests for one and two sample problems, rank correlation and test for independence.
Elementary Bayesian inference.
Gauss-Markov models, estimability of parameters, best linear unbiased estimators, confidence intervals,
tests for linear hypotheses. Analysis of variance and covariance. Fixed, random and mixed effects models.
Simple and multiple linear regression. Elementary regression diagnostics. Logistic regression.
Multivariate normal distribution, Wishart distribution and their properties. Distribution of quadratic
forms. Inference for parameters, partial and multiple correlation coefficients and related tests. Data
reduction techniques: Principle component analysis, Discriminant analysis, Cluster analysis, Canonical
correlation.
Simple random sampling, stratified sampling and systematic sampling. Probability proportional to size
sampling. Ratio and regression methods.
Completely randomized designs, randomized block designs and Latin-square designs. Connectedness and
orthogonality of block designs, BIBD. 2K factorial experiments: confounding and construction.
Hazard function and failure rates, censoring and life testing, series and parallel systems.
Linear programming problem, simplex methods, duality. Elementary queuing and inventory models.
Steady-state solutions of Markovian queuing models: M/M/1, M/M/1 with limited waiting space, M/M/C,
M/M/C with limited waiting space, M/G/1

NET MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES SYLLABUS BY COURSE WHIZZ

 

NET LIFE SCIENCES SYLLABUS

 

CSIR NET EARTH SCIENCES SYLLABUS

 

NET LIFE SCIENCES SYLLABUS

NET LIFE SCIENCES SYLLABUS

Are you searching for following queries:

what is the syllabus for CSIR-UGC National Eligibility Test (NET) for Junior Research Fellowship
and Lecturer-ship ? How to prepare for CSIR NET LIFE SCIENCES ?

We have described the pattern and syllabus for CSIR NET EARTH SCIENCES.

 

EXAM PATTERN: The MCQ test paper of each subject shall carry a maximum of 200 marks. The exam shall be for duration of three hours.  The question paper shall be divided in three parts Part 'A' shall be common to all subjects. This part shall be a test containing a maximum of 20 questions of General Aptitude. The candidates shall be required to answer any 15 questions of two marks each. The total marks allocated to this section shall be 30 out of 200 Part 'B' shall   contain subject-related conventional MCQs. The total marks allocated to this section shall be 70 out of 200. The maximum number of questions to be attempted shall be in the range of 20-35. Part 'C' shall contain higher value questions that may test the candidate's knowledge of scientific concepts and/or application of the scientific concepts. The questions shall be of analytical nature where a candidate is expected to apply the scientific knowledge to arrive at the solution to the given scientific problem.  The total marks allocated to this section shall be 100 out of 200. Negative marking for wrong answers.

 

 

CSIR NET LIFE SCIENCES  SYLLABUS

 

LIFE SCIENCES

1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology
2. Cellular Organization
3. Fundamental Processes
4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling
5. Developmental Biology
6. System Physiology – Plant
7. System Physiology – Animal
8. Inheritance Biology
9. Diversity of Life Forms
10. Ecological Principles
11. Evolution and Behavior
12. Applied Biology
13. Methods in Biology

1. MOLECULES AND THEIR INTERACTION RELAVENT TO BIOLOGY

A. Structure of atoms, molecules and chemical bonds.
B Composition, structure and function of biomolecules (carbohydrates, lipids,
proteins, nucleic acids and vitamins).
C. Stablizing interactions (Van der Waals, electrostatic, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic
interaction, etc.).
D Principles of biophysical chemistry (pH, buffer, reaction kinetics, thermodynamics,
colligative properties).
E. Bioenergetics, glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, coupled reaction, group
transfer, biological energy transducers.
F. Principles of catalysis, enzymes and enzyme kinetics, enzyme regulation, mechanism of
enzyme catalysis, isozymes
G. Conformation of proteins (Ramachandran plot, secondary structure, domains, motif
and folds).
H. Conformation of nucleic acids (helix (A, B, Z), t-RNA, micro-RNA).
I. Stability of proteins and nucleic acids.
J. Metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids nucleotides and vitamins.

2. CELLULAR ORGANIZATION
A) Membrane structure and function
(Structure of model membrane, lipid bilayer and membrane protein diffusion, osmosis,
ion channels, active transport, membrane pumps, mechanism of sorting and regulation
of intracellular transport,electrical properties of membranes).
B) Structural organization and function of intracellular organelles (Cell wall, nucleus,
mitochondria, Golgi bodies, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes, plastids,
vacuoles, chloroplast, structure & function of cytoskeleton and its role in motility).
C) Organization of genes and chromosomes (Operon, unique and repetitive DNA,
interrupted genes, gene families, structure of chromatin and chromosomes,
heterochromatin, euchromatin, transposons).
D) Cell division and cell cycle (Mitosis and meiosis, their regulation, steps in cell cycle,
regulation and control of cell cycle).
E) Microbial Physiology (Growth yield and characteristics, strategies of cell division,
stress response)

3. FUNDAMENTAL PROCESSES
A) DNA replication, repair and recombination (Unit of replication, enzymes involved,
replication origin and replication fork, fidelity of replication, extrachromosomal replicons,
DNA damage and repair mechanisms, homologous and site-specific recombination).
B) RNA synthesis and processing (transcription factors and machinery, formation of
initiation complex, transcription activator and repressor, RNA polymerases, capping,
elongation, and termination, RNA processing, RNA editing, splicing, and
polyadenylation, structure and function of different types of RNA, RNA transport).
C) Protein synthesis and processing (Ribosome, formation of initiation complex, initiation
factors and their regulation, elongation and elongation factors, termination, genetic code,
aminoacylation of tRNA, tRNA-identity, aminoacyl tRNA synthetase, and translational
proof-reading, translational inhibitors, Post- translational modification of proteins).
D) Control of gene expression at transcription and translation level (regulating the
expression of phages, viruses, prokaryotic and eukaryotic genes, role of chromatin in
gene expression and gene silencing).

4. Cell communication and cell signaling
A) Host parasite interaction Recognition and entry processes of different
pathogens like bacteria, viruses into animal and plant host cells, alteration of host
cell behavior by pathogens, virus-induced cell transformation, pathogen-induced
diseases in animals and plants, cell-cell fusion in both normal and abnormal
cells.
B) Cell signaling Hormones and their receptors, cell surface receptor, signaling
through G-protein coupled receptors, signal transduction pathways, second
messengers, regulation of signaling pathways, bacterial and plant twocomponent systems, light signaling in plants, bacterial chemotaxis and quorum
sensing.
C) Cellular communication Regulation of hematopoiesis, general principles of cell
communication, cell adhesion and roles of different adhesion molecules, gap
junctions, extracellular matrix, integrins, neurotransmission and its regulation.
D) Cancer
Genetic rearrangements in progenitor cells, oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes,
cancer and the cell cycle, virus-induced cancer, metastasis, interaction of cancer
cells with normal cells, apoptosis, therapeutic interventions of uncontrolled cell
growth.
E) Innate and adaptive immune system Cells and molecules involved in innate
and adaptive immunity, antigens, antigenicity and immunogenicity. B and T cell
epitopes, structure and function of antibody molecules. generation of antibody
diversity, monoclonal antibodies, antibody engineering, antigen-antibody
interactions, MHC molecules, antigen processing and presentation, activation
and differentiation of B and T cells, B and T cell receptors, humoral and cellmediated immune responses, primary and secondary immune modulation, the
complement system, Toll-like receptors, cell-mediated effector functions,
inflammation, hypersensitivity and autoimmunity, immune response during
bacterial (tuberculosis), parasitic (malaria) and viral (HIV) infections, congenital
and acquired immunodeficiencies, vaccines.

 

5. DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
A) Basic concepts of development : Potency, commitment, specification, induction,
competence, determination and differentiation; morphogenetic gradients; cell fate and cell
lineages; stem cells; genomic equivalence and the cytoplasmic determinants; imprinting; mutants
and transgenics in analysis of development
B) Gametogenesis, fertilization and early development: Production of gametes, cell surface
molecules in sperm-egg recognition in animals; embryo sac development and double fertilization
in plants; zygote formation, cleavage, blastula formation, embryonic fields, gastrulation and
formation of germ layers in animals; embryogenesis, establishment of symmetry in plants; seed
formation and germination.
C) Morphogenesis and organogenesis in animals : Cell aggregation and differentiation in
Dictyostelium; axes and pattern formation in Drosophila, amphibia and chick; organogenesis –
vulva formation in Caenorhabditis elegans, eye lens induction, limb development and
regeneration in vertebrates; differentiation of neurons, post embryonic development- larval
formation, metamorphosis; environmental regulation of normal development; sex determination.
D) Morphogenesis and organogenesis in plants: Organization of shoot and root apical
meristem; shoot and root development; leaf development and phyllotaxy; transition to flowering,
floral meristems and floral development in Arabidopsis and Antirrhinum
E) Programmed cell death, aging and senescence

 

6. SYSTEM PHYSIOLOGY - PLANT
A. Photosynthesis - Light harvesting complexes; mechanisms of electron
transport; photoprotective mechanisms; CO2 fixation-C3, C4 and CAM pathways.
B. Respiration and photorespiration – Citric acid cycle; plant mitochondrial
electron transport and ATP synthesis; alternate oxidase; photorespiratory
pathway.
C. Nitrogen metabolism - Nitrate and ammonium assimilation; amino acid
biosynthesis.
D. Plant hormones – Biosynthesis, storage, breakdown and transport;
physiological effects and mechanisms of action.
E. Sensory photobiology - Structure, function and mechanisms of action of
phytochromes, cryptochromes and phototropins; stomatal movement;
photoperiodism and biological clocks.
F. Solute transport and photoassimilate translocation – uptake, transport and
translocation of water, ions, solutes and macromolecules from soil, through cells,
across membranes, through xylem and phloem; transpiration; mechanisms of
loading and unloading of photoassimilates.
G. Secondary metabolites - Biosynthesis of terpenes, phenols and nitrogenous
compounds and their roles.
H. Stress physiology – Responses of plants to biotic (pathogen and insects) and
abiotic (water, temperature and salt) stresses.

 

7. SYSTEM PHYSIOLOGY - ANIMAL
A. Blood and circulation - Blood corpuscles, haemopoiesis and formed elements,
plasma function, blood volume, blood volume regulation, blood groups,
haemoglobin, immunity, haemostasis.
B. Cardiovascular System: Comparative anatomy of heart structure, myogenic
heart, specialized tissue, ECG – its principle and significance, cardiac cycle,
heart as a pump, blood pressure, neural and chemical regulation of all above.
C. Respiratory system - Comparison of respiration in different species, anatomical
considerations, transport of gases, exchange of gases, waste elimination, neural
and chemical regulation of respiration.
D. Nervous system - Neurons, action potential, gross neuroanatomy of the brain
and spinal cord, central and peripheral nervous system, neural control of muscle
tone and posture.
E. Sense organs - Vision, hearing and tactile response.
F. Excretory system - Comparative physiology of excretion, kidney, urine
formation, urine concentration, waste elimination, micturition, regulation of water
balance, blood volume, blood pressure, electrolyte balance, acid-base balance.
G. Thermoregulation - Comfort zone, body temperature – physical, chemical,
neural regulation, acclimatization.
H. Stress and adaptation
I. Digestive system - Digestion, absorption, energy balance, BMR.
J. Endocrinology and reproduction - Endocrine glands, basic mechanism of
hormone action, hormones and diseases; reproductive processes,
gametogenesis, ovulation, neuroendocrine regulation

 

8. INHERITANCE BIOLOGY
A) Mendelian principles : Dominance, segregation, independent assortment.
B) Concept of gene : Allele, multiple alleles, pseudoallele, complementation tests
C) Extensions of Mendelian principles : Codominance, incomplete dominance, gene
interactions, pleiotropy, genomic imprinting, penetrance and expressivity, phenocopy,
linkage and crossing over, sex linkage, sex limited and sex influenced characters.
D) Gene mapping methods : Linkage maps, tetrad analysis, mapping with molecular markers,
mapping by using somatic cell hybrids, development of mapping population in plants.
E) Extra chromosomal inheritance : Inheritance of Mitochondrial and chloroplast genes,
maternal inheritance.
F) Microbial genetics : Methods of genetic transfers – transformation, conjugation, transduction
and sex-duction, mapping genes by interrupted mating, fine structure analysis of genes.
G) Human genetics : Pedigree analysis, lod score for linkage testing, karyotypes, genetic
disorders.
H) Quantitative genetics : Polygenic inheritance, heritability and its measurements, QTL
mapping.
I) Mutation : Types, causes and detection, mutant types – lethal, conditional, biochemical, loss
of function, gain of function, germinal verses somatic mutants, insertional mutagenesis.
J) Structural and numerical alterations of chromosomes : Deletion, duplication, inversion,
translocation, ploidy and their genetic implications.
K) Recombination : Homologous and non-homologous recombination including transposition.

 

9. DIVERSITY OF LIFE FORMS:
A. Principles & methods of taxonomy:
Concepts of species and hierarchical taxa, biological nomenclature, classical &
quantititative methods of taxonomy of plants, animals and microorganisms.
B. Levels of structural organization:
Unicellular, colonial and multicellular forms. Levels of organization of tissues, organs
& systems. Comparative anatomy, adaptive radiation, adaptive modifications.
C. Outline classification of plants, animals & microorganisms:
Important criteria used for classification in each taxon. Classification of plants,
animals and microorganisms. Evolutionary relationships among taxa.
D. Natural history of Indian subcontinent:
Major habitat types of the subcontinent, geographic origins and migrations of
species. Comman Indian mammals, birds. Seasonality and phenology of the
subcontinent.
E. Organisms of health & agricultural importance:
Common parasites and pathogens of humans, domestic animals and crops.
F. Organisms of conservation concern:
Rare, endangered species. Conservation strategies.

 

10. ECOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES
The Environment: Physical environment; biotic environment; biotic and abiotic
interactions.
Habitat and Niche: Concept of habitat and niche; niche width and overlap; fundamental
and realized niche; resource partitioning; character displacement.
Population Ecology: Characteristics of a population; population growth curves;
population regulation; life history strategies (r and K selection); concept of
metapopulation – demes and dispersal, interdemic extinctions, age structured
populations.
Species Interactions: Types of interactions, interspecific competition, herbivory,
carnivory, pollination, symbiosis.
Community Ecology: Nature of communities; community structure and attributes;
levels of species diversity and its measurement; edges and ecotones.
Ecological Succession: Types; mechanisms; changes involved in succession; concept
of climax.
Ecosystem Ecology: Ecosystem structure; ecosystem function; energy flow and
mineral cycling (C,N,P); primary production and decomposition; structure and function
of some Indian ecosystems: terrestrial (forest, grassland) and aquatic (fresh water,
marine, eustarine).
Biogeography: Major terrestrial biomes; theory of island biogeography;
biogeographical zones of India.
Applied Ecology: Environmental pollution; global environmental change; biodiversity:
status, monitoring and documentation; major drivers of biodiversity change; biodiversity
management approaches.
Conservation Biology: Principles of conservation, major approaches to management,
Indian case studies on conservation/management strategy (Project Tiger, Biosphere
reserves).

 

11. EVOLUTION AND BEHAVIOUR
A. Emergence of evolutionary thoughts
Lamarck; Darwin–concepts of variation, adaptation, struggle, fitness and natural
selection; Mendelism; Spontaneity of mutations; The evolutionary synthesis.
B. Origin of cells and unicellular evolution:
Origin of basic biological molecules; Abiotic synthesis of organic monomers and
polymers; Concept of Oparin and Haldane; Experiement of Miller (1953); The first cell;
Evolution of prokaryotes; Origin of eukaryotic cells; Evolution of unicellular
eukaryotes; Anaerobic metabolism, photosynthesis and aerobic metabolism.
C. Paleontology and Evolutionary History:
The evolutionary time scale; Eras, periods and epoch; Major events in the evolutionary
time scale; Origins of unicellular and multi cellular organisms; Major groups of plants
and animals; Stages in primate evolution including Homo.
D. Molecular Evolution:
Concepts of neutral evolution, molecular divergence and molecular clocks;
Molecular tools in phylogeny, classification and identification; Protein and
nucleotide sequence analysis; origin of new genes and proteins; Gene duplication
and divergence.
E. The Mechanisms:
Population genetics – Populations, Gene pool, Gene frequency; Hardy-Weinberg Law;
concepts and rate of change in gene frequency through natural selection, migration and
random genetic drift; Adaptive radiation; Isolating mechanisms; Speciation; Allopatricity
and Sympatricity; Convergent evolution; Sexual selection; Co-evolution.
F. Brain, Behavior and Evolution:
Approaches and methods in study of behavior; Proximate and ultimate causation;
Altruism and evolution-Group selection, Kin selection, Reciprocal altruism; Neural basis
of learning, memory, cognition, sleep and arousal; Biological clocks; Development
of behavior; Social communication; Social dominance; Use of space and territoriality;
Mating systems, Parental investment and Reproductive success; Parental care;
Aggressive behavior; Habitat selection and optimality in foraging; Migration, orientation
and navigation; Domestication and behavioral changes.

 

12. APPLIED BIOLOGY:
A. Microbial fermentation and production of small and macro molecules.
B. Application of immunological principles, vaccines, diagnostics. Tissue
and cell culture methods for plants and animals.
C. Transgenic animals and plants, molecular approaches to diagnosis and
strain identification.
D. Genomics and its application to health and agriculture, including gene
therapy.
E. Bioresource and uses of biodiversity.
F. Breeding in plants and animals, including marker – assisted selection
G. Bioremediation and phytoremediation
H. Biosensors

 

13. METHODS IN BIOLOGY
A. Molecular Biology and Recombinant DNA methods:
Isolation and purification of RNA , DNA (genomic and plasmid) and proteins,
different separation methods.
Analysis of RNA, DNA and proteins by one and two dimensional gel
electrophoresis, Isoelectric focusing gels.
Molecular cloning of DNA or RNA fragments in bacterial and eukaryotic systems.
Expression of recombinant proteins using bacterial, animal and plant vectors.
Isolation of specific nucleic acid sequences
Generation of genomic and cDNA libraries in plasmid, phage, cosmid, BAC and YAC
vectors.
In vitro mutagenesis and deletion techniques, gene knock out in bacterial and
eukaryotic organisms.
Protein sequencing methods, detection of post translation modification of proteins.
DNA sequencing methods, strategies for genome sequencing.
Methods for analysis of gene expression at RNA and protein level, large scale
expression, such as micro array based techniques
Isolation, separation and analysis of carbohydrate and lipid molecules
RFLP, RAPD and AFLP techniques
B. Histochemical and Immunotechniques
Antibody generation, Detection of molecules using ELISA, RIA, western blot,
immunoprecipitation, fluocytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy,
detection of molecules in living cells, in situ localization by techniques such as FISH
and GISH.
C Biophysical Method:
Molecular analysis using UV/visible, fluorescence, circular dichroism, NMR and ESR
spectroscopy Molecular structure determination using X-ray diffraction and NMR,
Molecular analysis using light scattering, different types of mass spectrometry and
surface plasma resonance methods.
D Statisitcal Methods:
Measures of central tendency and dispersal; probability distributions (Binomial,
Poisson and normal); Sampling distribution; Difference between parametric and
non-parametric statistics; Confidence Interval; Errors; Levels of significance;
Regression and Correlation; t-test; Analysis of variance; X2
test;; Basic introduction
to Muetrovariate statistics, etc.
E. Radiolabeling techniques:
Detection and measurement of different types of radioisotopes normally used in
biology, incorporation of radioisotopes in biological tissues and cells, molecular
imaging of radioactive material, safety guidelines.
F. Microscopic techniques:
Visulization of cells and subcellular components by light microscopy, resolving powers
of different microscopes, microscopy of living cells, scanning and transmission
microscopes, different fixation and staining techniques for EM, freeze-etch and freezefracture methods for EM, image processing methods in microscopy.
G. Electrophysiological methods:
Single neuron recording, patch-clamp recording, ECG, Brain activity recording, lesion
and stimulation of brain, pharmacological testing, PET, MRI, fMRI, CAT .
H. Methods in field biology:
Methods of estimating population density of animals and plants, ranging patterns
through direct, indirect and remote observations, sampling methods in the study of
behavior, habitat characterization: ground and remote sensing methods.

 

CSIR NET LIFE SCIENCES SYLLABUS BY COURSE WHIZZ

 

BIHAR TET

BIHAR TET

CSIR NET EARTH SCIENCES SYLLABUS

CSIR NET EARTH SCIENCES SYLLABUS

Are you searching for following queries:

what is the syllabus for CSIR-UGC National Eligibility Test (NET) for Junior Research Fellowship
and Lecturer-ship ? How to prepare for CSIR NET EARTH SCIENCES ?

We have described the pattern and syllabus for CSIR NET EARTH SCIENCES.

 

EXAM PATTERN:

The MCQ test paper of each subject shall carry a maximum of 200 marks.

The exam shall be for duration of three hours.

 The question paper shall be divided in three parts

Part 'A' shall be common to all subjects. This part shall be a test containing a maximum of 20 questions of General Aptitude. The candidates shall be required to answer any 15 questions of two marks each. The total marks allocated to this section shall be 30 out of 200

---

Part 'B' shall   contain subject-related conventional MCQs. The total marks allocated to this section shall be 70 out of 200. The maximum number of questions to be attempted shall be in the range of 20-35.

---

Part 'C' shall contain higher value questions that may test the candidate's knowledge of scientific concepts and/or application of the scientific concepts. The questions shall be of analytical nature where a candidate is expected to apply the scientific knowledge to arrive at the solution to the given scientific problem.  The total marks allocated to this section shall be 100 out of 200.

Negative marking for wrong answers.

 

 

SYLLABUS FOR

EARTH, ATMOSPHERIC, OCEAN AND PLANETARY SCIENCES:

PAPER I (PART B)

1. The Earth and the Solar System:
Milky Way and the solar system. Modern theories on the origin of the Earth and other planetary
bodies. Earth‟s orbital parameters, Kepler‟s laws of planetary motion, Geological Time Scale; Space
and time scales of processes in the solid Earth, atmosphere and oceans. Radioactive isotopes and
their applications. Meteorites Chemical composition and the Primary differentiation of the earth.
Basic principles of stratigraphy. Theories about the origin of life and the nature of fossil record.
Earth‟s gravity and magnetic fields and its thermal structure: Concept of Geoid and, spheroid;
Isostasy.

2. Earth Materials, Surface Features and Processes:

Gross composition and physical properties of
important minerals and rocks; properties and processes responsible for mineral concentrations; nature
and distribution of rocks and minerals in different units of the earth and different parts of India.
Physiography of the Earth; weathering, erosion, transportation and deposition of Earth‟s material;
formation of soil, sediments and sedimentary rocks; energy balance of the Earth‟s surface processes;
physiographic features and river basins in India

3. Interior of the Earth, Deformation and Tectonics
Basic concepts of seismology and internal structure of the Earth. Physico-chemical and seismic
properties of Earth‟s interior. Concepts of stress and strain. Behaviour of rocks under stress; Folds,
joints and faults. Earthquakes – their causes and measurement. Interplate and intraplate seismicity.
Paleomagnetism, sea floor spreading and plate tectonics.

4. Oceans and Atmosphere
Hypsography of the continents and ocean floor –continental shelf, slope, rise and abyssal plains.
Physical and chemical properties of sea water and their spatial variations. Residence times of
elements in sea water. Ocean currents, waves and tides, important current systems, thermohaline
circulation and the oceanic conveyor belt. Major water masses of the world‟s oceans. Biological
productivity in the oceans.
Motion of fluids, waves in atmospheric and oceanic systems. Atmospheric turbulence and boundary
layer. Structure and chemical composition of the atmosphere, lapse rate and stability, scale height,
geopotential, greenhouse gases and global warming. Cloud formation and precipitation processes,
air- sea interactions on different space and time scales. Insolation and heat budget, radiation balance,
general circulation of the atmosphere and ocean. Climatic and sea level changes on different time
scales. Coupled ocean-atmosphere system, El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO). General weather
systems of India, - Monsoon system, cyclone and jet stream, Western disturbances and severe local
convective systems, distribution of precipitation over India.

Marine and atmospheric pollution, ozone depletion.

5. Environmental Earth Sciences
Properties of water; hydrological cycle; water resources and management. Energy resources, uses,
degradation, alternatives and management; Ecology and biodiversity. Impact of use of energy and
land on the environment. Exploitation and conservation of mineral and other natural resources.
Natural hazards. Elements of Remote Sensing.

 

 PAPER I (PART C)
I. GEOLOGY

1) MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY:
Concept of point group, space group, reciprocal lattice, diffraction and imaging. Concepts of crystal
field theory and mineralogical spectroscopy. Lattice defects (point, line and planar). Electrical,
magnetic and optical properties of minerals. Bonding and crystal structures of common oxides,
sulphides, and silicates. Transformation of minerals – polymorphism, polytypism, and polysomatism.
Solid solution and exsolution.
Steady-state geotherms. Genesis, properties, emplacement and crystallization of magmas. Phase
equilibrium studies of simple systems, effect of volatiles on melt equilibria. Magma-mixing, -
mingling and -immiscibility.
Metamorphic structures and textures; isograds and facies. Mineral reactions with condensed phases,
solid solutions, mixed volatile equilibria and thermobarometry. Metamorphism of pelites, mafic-ultra
mafic rocks and siliceous dolomites. Material transport during metamorphism. P-T-t path in regional
metamorphic terrains, plate tectonics and metamorphism.
Petrogenetic aspects of important rock suites of India, such as the Deccan Traps, layered intrusive
complexes, anorthosites, carbonatites, charnockites, alkaline rocks, Kimberlites, ophiolites and
granitoids.

2) STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY AND GEOTECTONICS:
Theory of stress and strain. Behaviour of rocks under stress. Mohr circle. Various states of stress and
their representation by Mohr circles. Different types of failure and sliding criteria. Geometry and
mechanics of fracturing and conditions for reactivation of pre-existing discontinuities. Common
types of finite strain ellipsoids. L-, L-S-, and S-tectonic fabrics. Techniques of strain analysis.
Particle paths and flow patterns. Progressive strain history. Introduction to deformation mechanisms.
Role of fluids in deformation processes. Geometry and analyses of brittle-ductile and ductile shear
zones. Sheath folds. Geometry and mechanics of development of folds, boudins, foliations and
lineations. Interference patterns of superposed fold. Fault-related folding. Gravity induced structures.
Tectonic features of extensional-, compressional-, and strike-slip-terrains and relevance to plate
boundaries. mantle plumes.
Himalayan Orogeny; concept of super continent, their assembly and breakup.

3) PALEONTOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS:
Theories on origin of life. Organic evolution – Punctuated Equilibrium and Phyletic Gradualism
models. Mass extinctions and their causes. Application of fossils in age determination and
correlation. Paleoecology, Life habitats and various ecosystems, Paleobiogeography. Modes of
preservation of fossils and taphonomic considerations. Types of microfossils. Environmental
significance of fossils and trace fossils. Use of microfossils in interpretation of sea floor tectonism.
Application of micropaleontology in hydrocarbon exploration. Oxygen and Carbon isotope studies of
microfossils and their use in paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic interpretation. Important
invertebrate fossils, vertebrate fossils, plant fossils and microfossils in Indian stratigraphy.

4) SEDIMENTOLOGY AND STRATIGRAPHY:
Classification of sediments and sedimentary rocks ; elastic, volcanoclastic and chemical.
Classification of elastic rocks. Flow regimes and processes of sediment transport. Sedimentary
textures and structures. Sedimentary facies and environments, reconstruction of paleoenvironments.
Formation and evolution of sedimentary basins. Diagenesis of siliciclastic and carbonate rocks.
Recent developments in stratigraphic classification. Code of stratigraphic nomenclature –
Stratotypes, Global Boundary Stratotype Sections and Points (GSSP). Lithostratigraphic,
chronostratigraphic and biostratigraphic subdivisions. Methods of startigraphic correlation including
Shaw‟s Graphic correlation. Concept of sequence stratigraphy. Rates of sediment accumulation,
unconformities. Facies concept in Stratigraphy – Walther‟s law. Methods for paleogeographic
reconstruction. Earth‟s Climatic History. Phanerozoic stratigraphy of India with reference to the type
areas– their correlation with equivalent formations in other regions. Boundary problems in Indian
Phanerozoic stratigraphy.

5) MARINE GEOLOGY AND PALEOCEANOGRAPHY:
Morphologic and tectonic domains of the ocean floor. Structure, composition and mechanism of the
formation of oceanic crust. hydrothermal vents-. Ocean margins and their significance. Ocean
Circulation, Coriolis effect and Ekman spiral, convergence, divergence and upwelling, El Nino.
Indian Ocean Dipole Thermohaline circulation and oceanic conveyor belt. Formation of Bottom
waters; major water masses of the world‟s oceans. Oceanic sediments: Factors controlling the
deposition and distribution of oceanic sediments; geochronology of oceanic sediments, diagenetic
changes in oxic and anoxic environments. Tectonic evolution of the ocean basins. Mineral resources.
Paleoceanography – Approaches to paleoceanographic reconstructions; various proxy indicators for
paleoceanographic interpretation. Reconstruction of monsoon variability by using marine proxy
records Opening and closing of ocean gateways and their effect on circulation and climate during the
Cenozoic. Sea level processes and Sea level changes.
Methods of paleo Sea Surface temperature. Quantifications.

6) GEOCHEMISTRY:
Atomic Structure and properties of elements, the Periodic Table; ionic substitution in minerals;
Phase rule and its applications in petrology, thermodynamics of reactions involving pure phases,
ideal and non-ideal solutions, and fluids; equilibrium and distribution coefficients. Nucleation and
diffusion processes in igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary environments, redox reactions and EhpH diagrams and their applications. Mineral/mineral assemblages as „sensors‟ of ambient
environments. Geochemical studies of aerosols, surface-, marine-, and ground waters. Radioactive
decay schemes and their application to geochronology and petrogenesis. Stable isotopes and their
application to earth system processes; geochemical differentiation of the earth; geochemical cycles.

7) ECONOMIC GEOLOGY:
Magmatic, hydrothermal and surface processes of ore formation. Metallogeny and its relation to
crustal evolution; Active ore-forming systems, methods of mineral deposit studies including ore
microscopy, fluid inclusions and isotopic systematics; ores and metamorphism- cause and effect
relationships. Geological setting, characteristics, and genesis of ferrous, base and noble metals.
Origin, migration and entrapment of petroleum; properties of source and reservoir rocks; structural,
stratigraphic and combination traps. Methods of petroleum exploration. Concepts of petrophysics,
Petroliferous basins of India. Origin of peat, lignite, bitumen and anthracite. Classification, rank and
grading of coal; coal petrography, coal resources of India. Gas hydrates and coal bed methane.
Nuclear and non-conventional energy resources.

8) PRECAMBRIAN GEOLOGY AND CRUSTAL EVOLUTION:
Evolution of lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere, and cryosphere;, lithological,
geochemical and stratigraphic characteristics of granite – greenstone and granulite belts. Stratigraphy
and geochronology of the cratonic nuclei, mobile belts and Proterozoic sedimentary basins of India.
Life in Precambrian. Precambrian – Cambrian boundary with special reference to India.

9) QUATERNARY GEOLOGY:
Definition of Quaternary. Quaternary Stratigraphy – Oxygen Isotope stratigraphy, biostratigraphy
and magnetostratigraphy. Quaternary climates – glacial-interglacial cycles, eustatic changes, proxy
indicators of paleoenvironmental/ paleoclimatic changes, - land, ocean and cryosphere (ice core
studies). Responses of geomorphic systems to climate, sea level and tectonics on variable time scales
in the Quaternary, Quaternary dating methods, –radiocarbon, Uranium series, Luminescence, Aminoacid. Quaternary stratigraphy of India– continental records (fluvial, glacial, aeolian, palaeosols and
duricrust); marine records; continental-marine correlation of Quaternary record.
Evolution of man and Stone Age cultures. Plant and animal life in relation to glacial and interglacial
cycles during Quaternary.
Tectonic geomorphology, neotectonics, active tectonics and their applications to natural hazard
assessment.

 

10) (I)APPLIED GEOLOGY:
(i) Remote Sensing and GIS: Elements of photogrammetry, elements of photo-interpretation,
electromagnetic spectrum, emission range, film and imagery, sensors, geological interpretations of
air photos and imageries. Global positioning systems. GIS- data structure, attribute data, thematic
layers and query analysis.

(ii) Engineering Geology: Engineering properties of rocks and physical characteristics of building
stones, concretes and other aggregates. Geological investigations for construction of dams, bridges,
highways and tunnels. Remedial measures. Mass movements with special emphasis on landslides and
causes of hillslope instability. Seismic design of buildings.

(iii) Mineral Exploration: Geological, geophysical, geochemical and geobotanical methods of
surface and sub-surface exploration on different scales. Sampling, assaying and evaluation of mineral
deposits.

(iv) Hydrogeology: Groundwater, Darcy‟s law, hydrological characteristics of aquifers, hydrological
cycle. Precipitation, evapotranspiration and infiltration processes. Hydrological classification of
water-bearing formations. Fresh and salt-water relationships in coastal and inland areas. Groundwater
exploration and water pollution. Groundwater regimes in India.

(II) PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY

1) Geomorphology: Concepts in geomorphology. Historical and process Geomorphology.
Landforms in relation to climate, rock type, structure and tectonics. Processes – weathering,
pedogenesis, mass movement, erosion, transportation and deposition. Geomorphic processes and
landforms – fluvial, glacial, eolian, coastal and karst. River forms and processes – stream flow, stagedischarge relationship; hydrographs and flood frequency analysis. Submarine relief. Geomorphology
and topographic analysis including DEM, Environmental change– causes, effects on processes and
landforms. Extra-terrestrial geomorphology.

2) Climatology: Fundamental principles of climatology. Earth‟s radiation balance; latitudinal and
seasonal variation of insolation, temperature, pressure, wind belts, humidity, cloud formation and
precipitation, water balance. Air masses, monsoon, Jet streams, tropical cyclones, and ENSO.
Classification of climates – Koppen‟s and Thornthwaite‟s scheme of classification. Climate change.

3) Bio-geography: Elements of biogeography with special reference to India; environment, habitat,
plant-animal association; zoo-geography of India; Biomes, elements of plant geography, distribution
of forests and major plant communities. Distribution of major animal communities. Conservation of
forests. Wildlife sanctuaries and parks.

4) Environmental Geography: Man-land relationship. Resources – renewable and non-renewable.
Natural and man-made hazards – droughts, floods, cyclones, earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis.
Ecological balance, environmental pollution and deterioration.

5) Geography of India: Physiography, drainage, climate, soils and natural resources – the Himalaya,
Ganga-Brahmaputra Plains, and peninsular India Precambrian shield, the Gondwana rift basins,
Deccan Plateau. Indian climatology with special reference to seasonal distribution and variation of
temperature, humidity, wind and precipitation; Climate zones of India. Agricultural geography of
India. Population – its distribution and characteristics. Urbanization and migration. Environmental
problems and issues.

(III) GEOPHYSICS

1) Signal Processing: Continuous and discrete signals; Fourier series; auto and cross correlations,
linear time invariant systems with deterministic and random inputs; band limited signal and sampling
theorem; Fourier and Fast Fourier transforms; Z-transform; convolution; Filters: discrete and
continuous, recursive, non-recursive, optimal and inverse filters; deconvolution; fractal analysis.

2) Field theory: Newtonian potential; Laplace and Poisson‟s equations; Green‟s Theorem; Gauss‟
law; Continuation integral; equivalent stratum; Maxwell‟s equations and electromagnetic theory;
Displacement potential, Helmhotz‟s theorem and seismic wave propagation.

3) Numerical analysis and inversion: Numerical differentiation and integration, finite element, and
finite difference techniques; Simpson‟s rules; Gauss‟ quadrature formula; initial value problems;
pattern recognition in Geophysics. Well posed and ill-posed problems; method of least squares;
direct search and gradient methods; generalized inversion techniques; singular value decomposition;
global optimization.

4) Gravity and Magnetic fields of the earth: Normal gravity field; Clairaut‟s theorem; Shape of the
earth; deflection of the vertical, geoid, free-air, Bouguer and isostatic anomalies, isostatic models for
local and regional compensation. Geomagnetic field, secular and transient variations and their
theories; palaeomagnetism, construction of polar wandering curves.

5) Plate Tectonics and Geodynamics: Marine magnetic anomalies, sea floor spreading; midoceanic ridges and geodynamics; plate tectonics hypothesis; plate boundaries and seismicity. Heat
flow mechanisms, thermal moddling of earth,core-mantle convection and mantle plumes.

6)Seismology Elastic theory: Seismometry: short period, long period, broad band and strong
motion; elements of earthquake seismology; seismic sources: faulting source, double couple
hypothesis, seismic moment tensor, focal mechanism and fault plane solutions; seismic gaps;
seismotectonics and structure of the earth; Himalayan and stable continental region earthquakes,
reservoir induced seismicity; seismic hazards; earthquake prediction, travel time residuals, velocity
anomalies, seismic tomography.

7) Gravity and Magnetic Methods: Gravimeters and magnetometers; data acquisition from land, air
and ship; corrections and reduction of anomalies; ambiguity; regional and residual separation;
continuation and derivative calculations; interpretation of anomalies of simple geometric bodies,
single pole, sphere, horizontal cylinder, sheet, dyke and fault. Forward modelling and inversion of
arbitrary shaped bodies and 2-D, 3-D interfaces. Interpretations in frequency domain.

8) Electrical and Electromagnetic Methods: Electrical profiling and sounding, typical sounding
curves, pseudo-sections; resistivity transform and direct interpretation; induced polarization methods.
Electromagnetic field techniques; elliptic polarization, in-phase and out of phase components,
horizontal and vertical loop methods; interpretation; VLF (very low frequency); AFMAG (Audio
frequency magnetic) methods; and central frequency sounding; transient electromagnetic methods;
magneto-telluric method; geomagnetic depth sounding.

9) Seismic Methods: Generalized Snell‟s Law; Ray theory; reflection, refraction, diffraction;
Zoeppritz‟s equation; seismic energy sources; detectors; seismic noises and noise profile analysis;
seismic data recording, reduction to a datum and weathering corrections; Interpretation of refraction
and reflection data; CDP/CMP; velocity analysis, F-K filtering, stacking, deconvolution, migration
before and after stack; bright spot analysis; wavelet processing; attenuation studies, shear waves,
AVO; VSP; introduction to 3D seismics; seismic stratigraphy.

10) Well logging: Open hole, cased hole and production logging; Electrical logs; lateral, latero,
induction, temperature, S.P; porosity logs; sonic, density, neutron; natural gamma; determination of
formation factor, porosity, permeability, density, water saturation, lithology; logging while drilling.

 

(IV) METEOROLOGY

1) Climatology: Same as under Geography

2) Physical Meteorology: Thermal structure of the atmosphere and its composition. Radiation: basic
Laws - Rayleigh and Mie scattering, multiple scattering, radiation from the sun, solar constant, effect
of clouds, surface and planetary albedo. Emission and absorption of terrestrial radiation, radiation
windows, radiative transfer, Greenhouse effect, net radiation budget; Thermodynamics of dry and
moist air: specific gas constant, Adiabatic and isoentropic processes, entropy and enthalpy, Moisture
variables, virtual temperature; Clausius – Clapeyron equation, adiabatic process of moist air;
thermodynamic diagrams: Hydrostatic equilibrium: Hydrostatic equation, variation of pressure with
height, geopotential, standard atmosphere, altimetry. Vertical stability of the atmosphere: Dry and
moist air parcel and slice methods. Tropical convection. Atmospheric optics - visibility - optical
phenomenon - rainbows, haloes, corona, glarg, mirage.

3) Atmospheric Electricity: Fair weather electric field in the atmosphere and potential gradients,
ionization in the atmosphere. Electrical fields in thunderstorms, theories of thunderstorm
electrification - Structure of lightening flash-mechanism of earth-atmospheric change balance-role of
thunderstroms.

4) Cloud Physics: Cloud classification, condensation nuclei, growth of cloud drops and ice-crystals,
precipitation mechanisms: Bergeron, Findeisen process, coalescence process – Precipitation of warm
and mixed clouds, artificial precipitation, hail suppression, fog and cloud – dissipation, radar
observation of clouds and precipitation, radar equation, rain drop spectra, radar echoes of hail storm
and tornadoes, radar observation of hurricanes, measurements of rainfall by radar.

5) Dynamic Meteorology: Basic equations and fundamental forces: Pressure, gravity, centripetal and
Corolis forces, continuity equation in Cartesian and isobaric coordinates. Momentum equation
Cartesian and spherical coordinates; scale analysis, inertial flow, geostrophic and gradient winds,
thermal wind. Divergence and vertical motion Rossby, Richardson, Reynolds and Froude numbers.
Circulation, vorticity and divergence; Bjerknese circulation theorem and applications, vorticity and
divergence equations, scale analysis, potential vorticity, stream function and velocity potential.
Atmospheric turbulence: Mixing length theory, planetary boundary layer equations, surface layer,
Ekman layer, eddy transport of heat, moisture and momentum, Richardson criterion; Linear
Perturbation Theory: Internal and external gravity waves, inertia waves, gravity waves, Rossby
waves, wave motion in the tropics, barotropic and baroclinic instabilities. Atmospheric Energetics:
Kinetic, potential and internal energies – conversion of potential and internal energies into kinetic
energy, available potential energy.

6) Numerical Weather Prediction: computational instability, filtering of sound and gravity waves,
filtered forecast equations, barotropic and equivalent barotropic models, two parameter baroclinic
model, relaxation method. Multi-layer primitive equation models. Short, medium and long range
weather prediction. Objective analysis; Initialization of the data for use in weather prediction models;
data assimilation techniques, application of satellite in NWP (Numerical Weather Prediction) and
remotely sensed data.

7) General Circulation and Climate Modelling: Observed zonally symmetric circulations,
meridional circulation models, mean meridional and eddy transport of momentum and energy,
angular momentum and energy budgets; zonally asymmetric features of general circulation; standing
eddies; east-west circulations in tropics: climate variability and forcings; feedback processes, low
frequency variability, MJO Madden-Julian oscillation), ENSO, QBO (quasi-biennial oscillation) and
sunspot cycles. Basic principles of general circulation modelling; grid-point and spectral GCMs; role
of the ocean in climate modelling; interannual variability of ocean fields (SST, winds, circulation,
etc.) and its relationship with monsoon, concepts of ocean – atmosphere coupled models.

8) Synoptic Meteorology: Weather observations and transmission, synoptic charts, analysis of
surface, upper air another derivative chart, stream-lines, isotachs and contour analysis; tilt and slope
of pressure/weather systems with height. Synoptic weather forecasting, prediction of weather
elements such as rain, maximum and minimum temperature and fog; hazardous weather elements
like thunderstorms, duststorms, tornadoes. Tropical meteorology: Trade wind inversion, ITCZ;
monsoon trough tropical cyclones, their structure and development theory; monsoon depressions;
tropical easterly jet stream; low level jets, Somali jet, waves in easterlies; western disturbances; SW
and NE monsoons; synoptic features associated with onset, withdrawal, break active and weak
monsoons and their prediction. Air masses and fronts: sources, origin and classification of air
masses; and fronts, frontogenesis and frontolysis; structure of cold and warm fronts; weather systems
associated with fronts. Extra-tropical synoptic scale features: jet streams, extratropical cyclones and
anticyclones.

9) Aviation Meteorology: Role of meteorology in aviation, weather hazards associated with take off
cruising and landing, inflight – icing, turbulence, visibility, fog, clouds, rain, gusts, wind shear and
thunderstorms, nowcasting and very short range forecasting.

10) Satellite Meteorology: Meteorological satellites – Polar orbiting and geostationary satellites,
visible and infrared radiometers, multiscanner radiometers; identification of synoptic systems, fog
and sandstorms, detection of cyclones, estimation of SST, cloud top temperatures, winds and rainfall:
temperature and humidity soundings.

(V) OCEAN SCIENCES

1) Physical Oceanography: T-S diagrams; mixing processes in the oceans; characteristics of
important water masses.
Wind generated waves in the oceans; their characteristics; shallow and deep water waves.
Propagation, refraction, and reflection of waves. Wave spectrum, principles of wave forecasting.
Tide-producing forces and their magnitudes; prediction of tides by the harmonic method; tides and
tidal currents in shallow seas, estuaries and rivers. Factors influencing coastal processes;
transformation of waves in shallow water; effects of stratification; effect of bottom friction,
phenomena of wave reflection, refraction and diffraction; breakers and surf; littoral currents; wave
action on sediments – movement to beach material; rip currents; beach stability, ocean beach
nourishment; harbour resonance; seiches; tsunami; interaction of waves and structure.
Estuaries: classification and nomenclature; tides in estuaries; estuarine circulation and mixing; depth
– averaged and breadth – averaged models; sedimentation in estuaries; salinity intrusion in estuaries;
effect of stratification; coastal pollution; mixing and dispersal of pollutants in estuaries and nearshore areas; coastal zone management.
The global wind system; action of wind on ocean surface; Ekman‟s theory; Sverdrup, Stommel and
Munk‟s theories; upwelling and sinking with special reference to the Indian ocean. Inertial currents;
divergences and convergences; geostrophic motion; barotropic and baroclinic conditions; oceanic
eddies, relationship between density, pressure and dynamic topography; relative and slope currents.
Wind driven coastal currents; typical scales of motion in the ocean.
Characteristics of the global conveyor belt circulation and its causes.
Formation of subtropical gyres; western boundary currents; equatorial current systems; El Nino;
monsoonal winds and currents over the North Indian Ocean; Somali current; southern ocean.
Upwelling process in the Arabian Sea.

2) Chemical Oceanography: Composition of seawater – Classification of elements based on their
distribution; major and minor elements, their behavior and chemical exchanges across interfaces and
residence times in seawater.
Element chemistry in atypical conditions-estuaries, hydrothermal vents, anoxic basins, HNLC
waters, sediment pore fluid and anthropogenic inputs.
Chemical and biological interactions – Ionic interactions; biochemical cycling of nutrients, trace
metals and organic matter. Air-sea exchange of important biogenic dissolved gases; carbon dioxidecarbonate system; alkalinity and control of pH; biological pump.
Factors affecting sedimentary deposits-CaCO3, Silicate, Manganese nodules, phosphorites and
massive single deposits.

3) Geological Oceanography: Same topics as under subhead “Marine Geology & paleooceanography”

4) Biological Oceanography: Classification of the marine environment and marine organisms.
Physio-chemical factors affecting marine life – light, temperature, salinity, pressure, nutrients,
dissolved gases; adaptation and biological processes.
Primary and secondary production; factors controlling phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance
and diversity; nekton and fisheries oceanography; benthic organisms; coastal marine communities
and community ecology – estuaries, coral reefs and mangrove communities, deep-sea ecology
including hydrothermal vent communities.
Energy flow and mineral cycling – energy transfer and transfer efficiencies through different trophic
levels; food webs including the microbial loop.
Human impacts on marine communities; impacts of climate change on marine biodiversity.
Impact of pollution on marine environments including fisheries.

 

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